阜新矿区地面塌陷灾害对土地生产力的影响   总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16  

赵明鹏  张震斌  周立岱 《中国地质灾害与防治学报》2003,14(1):77-80

在研究地面塌陷对一个地区的影响时，一般只侧重于其对建筑物、铁路的影响，而对土地生产力影响的探讨和研究还不够深入。对于阜新矿区来说，地面塌陷对该区土地生产力的影响更是空白，前期的工作仅仅侧重于地面塌陷的调查，如果就地面塌陷对土地生产力的影响做一决的概括和分析，无疑会给今后治理由地面塌陷带来的灾害提供借鉴作用。本文结合大量实测、实算数据，应用土地复理论与方法对地面塌陷引起的土地侵蚀、土壤盐碱化、土壤湿度、土壤质量水平等四个方面做了较为系统的阐述，并对灾害的治理提出了见解。  相似文献   

金风口地面塌陷及水源干枯成因及防治     

张发林 《地质灾害与环境保护》2003,14(1):11-14

通过对金风口片区地表的调查，分析了地面降沉、塌陷的原因；研究了塌陷对水源的影响；总结了水源干枯的规律及影响因素；并提出了防治的办法及合理化建议。  相似文献   

马来西亚沙捞越邦达、什兰江控矿角砾岩筒构造对比研究及其找矿意义     

赵财胜  孙丰月  李碧乐  丁清峰  吴尚昆 《世界地质》2003,22(4):366-372

马来西亚沙捞越邦达、什兰江控矿角砾岩筒构造均为典型的浅成—半浅成角砾岩筒构造，角砾岩及控矿类型具有明显的垂向分带特点。邦达控矿角砾岩筒构造发育角砾岩筒上段的塌陷角砾岩，角砾岩筒剥蚀深度较浅，控制典型的高硫化型浅成低温金铜矿床，且其深部具有较大的找矿潜力。什兰江控矿角砾岩筒构造发育角砾岩筒下段的爆发角砾岩和中段的流化角砾岩，分别控制斑岩型金矿化和低硫化型浅成低温热液型金矿化，角砾岩筒剥蚀深度较大，对矿床的保存和找矿极为不利。  相似文献   

南京市玄武湖水下交通隧道环境地质评价   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

孙亚哲  阎长虹  许崧  许宝田 《水文地质工程地质》2003,30(4):72-75

玄武湖地下交通隧道既在城市,又在水下,环境地质条件极为复杂,是一种脆弱环境下的典型的地质工程。本文对玄武湖地下交通隧道的环境地质条件特别是水文地质条件进行了评价,预测了可能出现的如水污染、地面沉降、地面塌陷、巷道突水等环境地质问题,并提出了相应的防治对策。  相似文献   

Application of extended distinct element method with lattice model to collapse analysis of RC bridges     

Limin Sun  Cen Zhou  Dong Qin  Lichu Fan 《地震工程与结构动力学》2003,32(8):1217-1236

This paper proposes a simple lattice model for collapse analysis of RC bridges subjected to earthquakes by using the extended distinct element method (EDEM). In the model, a concrete element consists of lumped masses connected to one another by springs, and a reinforcement bar is represented by a discrete model or an integrated model. The proposed lattice model is simple but its parameters are reasonably defined. It has fewer element nodes and connecting springs, which will be of benefit by shortening the CPU time. The processes to determine the initial stiffness of concrete and steel springs, the parameters of the constitutive model and the fracture criteria for springs are described. A re‐contact spring model is also proposed to simulate the re‐contact of the concrete after fracture of springs; and a general grid searching method is used to decrease the CPU time for judging re‐contact after fracture. The lattice model is assessed by numerical simulations and experiments. As an application, a damaged single‐column pier subjected to the Kobe Earthquake in 1995 is analysed by EDEM with the proposed model. The simulation results indicate that the proposed model predicts well qualitatively the collapse process of RC bridges. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

System identification of linear structures based on Hilbert–Huang spectral analysis. Part 2: Complex modes     

Jann N. Yang  Ying Lei  Shuwen Pan  Norden Huang 《地震工程与结构动力学》2003,32(10):1533-1554

A method, based on the Hilbert–Huang spectral analysis, has been proposed by the authors to identify linear structures in which normal modes exist (i.e., real eigenvalues and eigenvectors). Frequently, all the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of linear structures are complex. In this paper, the method is extended further to identify general linear structures with complex modes using the free vibration response data polluted by noise. Measured response signals are first decomposed into modal responses using the method of Empirical Mode Decomposition with intermittency criteria. Each modal response contains the contribution of a complex conjugate pair of modes with a unique frequency and a damping ratio. Then, each modal response is decomposed in the frequency–time domain to yield instantaneous phase angle and amplitude using the Hilbert transform. Based on a single measurement of the impulse response time history at one appropriate location, the complex eigenvalues of the linear structure can be identified using a simple analysis procedure. When the response time histories are measured at all locations, the proposed methodology is capable of identifying the complex mode shapes as well as the mass, damping and stiffness matrices of the structure. The effectiveness and accuracy of the method presented are illustrated through numerical simulations. It is demonstrated that dynamic characteristics of linear structures with complex modes can be identified effectively using the proposed method. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

地面沉陷对路基的破坏影响及其防治技术     

李永树 《测绘工程》2003,12(3):3-6

根据地下资源开发地区岩层与地表移动机理，研究了地面沉陷时路基产生的破坏影响，分析、总结了路基沉陷特征，给出了确定路基和矿柱强度及稳定性的验算方法，以及路基出现坍塌或滑坡等灾害事故的评估方法，提出了地面沉陷区路基防治技术，并列举了治理路基沉陷的例子。  相似文献   

Simplified vibratory characterization of alluvial basins     

Jean-François Semblat  Roberto Paolucci  Anne-Marie Duval 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2003,335(4):365-370

For the analysis of seismic wave amplification, modal methods are interesting tools to study the modal properties of geological structures. Modal approaches mainly lead to information on such parameters as fundamental frequencies and eigenmodes of alluvial basins. For a specific alluvial deposit in Nice (France), a simplified modal approach involving the Rayleigh method is considered. This approach assumes a set of admissible shape functions for the eigenmodes and allows a fast estimation of the fundamental frequency of the basin. The agreement with other numerical results (Boundary Element Method) and experimental ones is fully satisfactory. The simplified modal method then appears as an efficient mean for the global vibratory characterization of geological structures towards resonance. To cite this article: J.-F. Semblat et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).  相似文献   

Deformation at Stromboli volcano (Italy) revealed by rock mechanics and structural geology     

A Tibaldi  C Corazzato  T Apuani  A Cancelli 《Tectonophysics》2003,361(3-4):187-204

We approach the reconstruction of the recent structural evolution of Stromboli volcano (Italy) and the analysis of the interplay between tectonics, gravity and volcanic deformation. By tying together structural, lithostratigraphic and rock mechanics data, we establish that since 100 ka BP, the edifice has faulted and jointed mainly along NE-striking planes. Faults mostly dip to the NW with normal displacement. Taking also into account the presence of a NW-trending regional least principal stress and of tectonic earthquake hypocenters inside the cone, we suggest that this fracturing can be related to the transmission of tectonic forces from the basement to the cone. Dyking concentrated along a main NE-trending weakness zone (NEZ) across the volcano summit, resembling a volcanic rift, whose geometry is governed by the tectonic field. In the past 13 ka, Stromboli experienced a reorganisation of the strain field, which was linked with the development of four sector collapses affecting the NW flank, alternating with growth phases. The tectonic strain field interplayed with dyking and fracturing related to unbuttressing along the collapse shoulders. We propose that tectonics control the geometry of dykes inside the cone and that these, in turn, contribute to destabilise the cone flanks.  相似文献   

黄壁庄水库副坝塌坑Ⅳ76+1槽段安全监测     

曹荣祥  李强  周启 《岩土力学》2003,(Z1)

介绍了黄壁庄水库副坝塌坑Ⅳ76+1槽段进行的安全监测设计及根据此设计进行的安全监测实施,根据取得的监测资料解决了一直未能确定的主要变形地层的问题,为水库的加固施工和后期的运行安全提供了一定的依据。  相似文献